Evaluation of Sealing Ability of AH Plus And TG Root Canal Sealers in the Presence and Absence of Smear Layer

Tahir Ali Khan; Nighat Shafique; Mumtaz -Ul- Islam; Raham Zaman

doi:10.37762/jgmds.1-2.65

Authors

Tahir Ali Khan, Dr. Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Nighat Shafique, Dr. Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Mumtaz -Ul- Islam, Dr. Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Raham Zaman, Dr. Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.1-2.65

Keywords:

Sealer, Smear layer Sealing Ability, Root Canal Sealers, Microleakage

Abstract

Background:
Smear layer is considered to be the main contributing factor in better sealing and adhesion of a sealer.
Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine the sealing ability of two root canal sealers (AH Plus and tg). In the presence and absence of smear layer
Methodology:
Extracted teeth from patients visiting Sardar Begum Dental College 60 in numbers were used in this study. Specimens were divided in to two main groups (group1 and group 2) both groups were instrumented using a step back technique. Irrigation was done during instrumentation with one ml of 5.25% NaOCl solution. In group2 a final flush with 10 ml of 17% EDTA solution followed by 10ml of 5.25% NaOCl was used for smear layer removal. Each group then further divided in to two sub groups (n=15). After obturation specimens were kept in separate containers with wet gauze to maintain 100% humidity. The specimens were coated with nail polish except for apical 2mm. Specimens were then suspended vertically in two % methylene blue dye for 7 days. Longitudinal sectioning was done to determine the extent of dye penetration using a stereo microscope at X30 magnification. Student t test was used for statistical analysis (p≤ 0.05).
Results:
The results showed that in the presence of smear layer, mean apical dye leakage of AH Plus was2.89 mm and tg was 4.02 mm. While in the absence of smear layer the mean dye leakage of AH Plus was 2.23 mm and tg was 3.28 mm. Student t test was more than p value indicating non significant result for both sealers.
Conclusion:
Apical sealing ability of AH Plus is better than tg root canal sealer in the presence and absence of smear layer.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Cohen's pathways of the pulp. 10th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2010

S, Stanley HR, Fitzgerald RJ. The effects of surgical exposures of dental pulps in germ-free and conventional laboratory rats. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1965;20:340-49 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(65)90166-0

Gesi A, Raffaelli O, Goracci C, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Ferrari M. Interfacial strength of Resilon and gutta-percha to intraradicular dentin. J Endod 2005;31(11):809-13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000158230.15853.b7

American Association of Endodontists. Glossary Contemporary Terminology for Endodontics, 6th Edition. American Association of Endodontists, Chicago III, USA. 1998

Manjunatha M, Kini A, Sudhakar V, Sunil K V C, Hiremath V K, Shah A. Smear Layer Evaluation on Root Canal Preparation with Manual and Rotary Techniques using EDTA as an Irrigant: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(1):66-78

Torabinejad M, Handysides R, Khademi A, Bakland LK. Clinical implications of smear layer in endodontics: A review. Oral Radiol Endod. 2002;94:658–66 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1067/moe.2002.128962

Shahravan A, Haghdoost AA, Adl A, Rahimi H, Shadifar F. Effect of smear layer on sealing ability of canal obturation: a systemic review and meta analysis. J Endodon 2007; 33:96-105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.10.007

Galvan DA. Charlone AE. Pashley DH. Kulild JC. Primack PD.Simpson MD. Effect of smear layer removal on the diffusion permeability of human roots. J Endodon 1994; 20: 83-86 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81187-8

Evans JT and Simon JHS. Evaluation of the apical seal produced by injected thermoplasticized gutta percha in the absence of smear layer and root canal sealer. J Endodon 1986;12: 101-07 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(86)80299-0

Al-Ghamdi A and Wennberg A. Testing of sealing ability of endodontic filling materials. Endo don Dent Traumotol 1994; 10: 249-55 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1994.tb00079.x

Goldman.LB, Goldman M and Letourneau JM.. Adoptation and porosity of poly-HEMA in a model system using two microorganisms. J Endodon.1980; 6: 683-86 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(80)80131-2

Goldberg F, Bernat M, Spielberg C, Massone EJ and Piovano SA. Analysis of the effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidon the apical seal of root canal fillings. J Endodon 1985; 11:544-47 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(85)80200-4

Matloff IR, Jensen JR, Singer L, Tabibi A. A comparison of methods used in root canal sealability studies. Oral Surg.Oral Med.Oral Pathol. 1982 Feb;53(2):203-208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(82)90288-2

Jacobson SM and von Fraunhofer JA. The investigation of microleakage in root canal therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path 1976; 42: 817-23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(76)90105-5

Ainley JE. Fluorometric assay of the apical seal of root canal fillings. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path 1970; 29: 753-62 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(70)90274-4

Hovland EJ and Dumsha TC. Leakage evaluation in vitro of the root canal sealer cement Sealapex. Int Endondon J 1985;18: 179-182 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1985.tb00437.x

Wu MK, Gee AJD and Moorer WR. Fluid transport model and bacterial penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endodon J 1993; 26: 203-08 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1993.tb00560.x

Limkangwalmongkol S, Burstcher P, Abbott P, Sandler AB, Dent HD, and Bishop BM. A comparative study of the apical leakage of four root canal sealers and laterally condensed gutta percha. J Endodon 1991; 17: 495-99 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81797-8

Gee AJD, Wu MK and Wesselink PR. Sealing properties of Ketac-endo glass ionomer cement and AH26 root canal sealers. Int Endodon J 1994; 27: 239-44 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1994.tb00262.x

Osins BA, Carter JM and Shih-Levine M. Microleakage by four root canal sealers cements as determined by an electrochemical technique. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path. 1983; 56: 80-88 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(83)90060-9

Schuurs AH, Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Duivenvoorden HJ. Endodontic leakage studies reconsidered. Part II. Statistical aspects. Int.Endod.J. 1993 Jan;26(1):44-52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1993.tb00541.x

Karagoz-Kucukay I, Bayirli G. An apical leakage study in the presence and absence of the smear layer. Int Endod J 1994;27:87–93 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1994.tb00236.x

Economides N, Liolios E, Kolokuris I, Beltes P. Long-term evaluation of the influence of smear layer removal on the sealing ability of different sealers. J Endod 1999;25:123–5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(99)80010-7

Cobankara FK, Adanr N, Belli S. Evaluation of the influence of smear layer on the apical and coronal sealing ability of two sealers. J Endod 2004;30:406–9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200406000-00007

Torabinejad M, Handysides R, Khademi AA, Bakland LK. Clinical implications of the smear layer in endodontics: a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002;94:658–66 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1067/moe.2002.128962

Rhode TR, Bramwell D,Hutter JW, and Roahen JO. An in vitro evaluation of microleakage of a new root canal sealer. J Endodon.1996;22:365-68 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80220-2

Dalat DM and Onal B. Apical leakage of a glass ionomer root canal sealer. J Endodon, 1998;24:161-63 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80174-X

Kytridou V, Gutmann JL, Nunn MH. Adaptation and sealability of two contemporary obturation techniques in the absence of the dentinal smear layer. Int Endod J.1999;32:464–74 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.1999.00248.x

Gettleman BH, Messer HH, El Deeb ME. Adhesion of sealer cements to dentin with and without the smear layer. J Endod 1991;17:15–20 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(07)80155-5

Cergneux M, Ciucchi B, Dietschi JM, Holz J. The influence of the smear layer on the sealing ability of canal obturation. Int Endod J 1987;20:228–32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1987.tb00619.x

Kim YK, Grandini S, Ames JM, Gu LS, Kim SK, Pashley DH, et al. Critical review on methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers. J Endod. 2010;36:383–99 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.10.023

CH, Zmener O. Resin materials for root canal obturation. Dent Clin North Am. 2010;54:325–44 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2009.12.004